jenkins容器化声明式流水线设计和构建
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容器及K8S管理

2106 字
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9 分钟


一般构建的流程如下：
1) 在 GitLab 中创建对应的项目；
2) 配置 Jenkins 集成 Kubernetes 集群，后期 Jenkins 的 Slave 将为在 Kubernetes 中动态创建的 Slave；
3) Jenkins 创建对应的任务（Job），集成该项目的 Git 地址和 Kubernetes 集群；
4) 开发者将代码提交到 GitLab；
5) 如有配置钩子，推送（Push）代码会自动触发 Jenkins 构建，如没有配置钩子，需要手动构建；
6) Jenkins 控制 Kubernetes（使用的是 Kubernetes 插件）创建 Jenkins Slave（Pod 形式）；
7) Jenkins Slave 根据流水线（Pipeline）定义的步骤执行构建；
8) 通过 Dockerfile 生成镜像；
9) 将镜像提送（Push）到私有 Harbor（或者其它的镜像仓库）；
10) Jenkins 再次控制 Kubernetes 进行最新的镜像部署；
11) 流水线结束删除 Jenkins Slave。

一.创建Jenkinsfile流水线(java)

1.通过blue ocean设计框架

我们可以通过blue ocean设计框架，通过导出的jenkinsfile来添加需要的内容，以节省时间：

2.定义jenkinsfile

在java项目代码仓库添加一个jenkinsfile文件：


注意文件名称为：Jenkinsfile（J是大写）
复制上步骤导出的框架和内容：

pipeline { 
  agent { 
    kubernetes { 
      cloud 'study-kubernetes'
      slaveConnectTimeout 1200
      workspaceVolume hostPathWorkspaceVolume(hostPath: "/opt/workspace", readOnly: false) 
      yaml ''' 
apiVersion: v1 
kind: Pod 
spec: 
  containers: 
    - args: [\'$(JENKINS_SECRET)\', \'$(JENKINS_NAME)\'] 
      image: 'registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/citools/jnlp:alpine' 
      name: jnlp 
      imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent 
      volumeMounts: 
        - mountPath: "/etc/localtime" 
          name: "localtime" 
          readOnly: false           
    - command: 
        - "cat" 
      env: 
        - name: "LANGUAGE" 
          value: "en_US:en" 
        - name: "LC_ALL" 
          value: "en_US.UTF-8" 
        - name: "LANG" 
          value: "en_US.UTF-8" 
      image: "registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/citools/maven:3.5.3" 
      imagePullPolicy: "IfNotPresent" 
      name: "build" 
      tty: true 
      volumeMounts: 
        - mountPath: "/etc/localtime" 
          name: "localtime" 
        - mountPath: "/root/.m2/" 
          name: "cachedir" 
          readOnly: false 
    - command: 
        - "cat" 
      env: 
        - name: "LANGUAGE" 
          value: "en_US:en" 
        - name: "LC_ALL" 
          value: "en_US.UTF-8" 
        - name: "LANG" 
          value: "en_US.UTF-8" 
      image: "registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/citools/kubectl:self-1.17" 
      imagePullPolicy: "IfNotPresent" 
      name: "kubectl" 
      tty: true 
      volumeMounts: 
        - mountPath: "/etc/localtime" 
          name: "localtime" 
          readOnly: false 
    - command: 
        - "cat" 
      env: 
        - name: "LANGUAGE" 
          value: "en_US:en" 
        - name: "LC_ALL" 
          value: "en_US.UTF-8" 
        - name: "LANG" 
          value: "en_US.UTF-8" 
      image: "registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/citools/docker:19.03.9-git" 
      imagePullPolicy: "IfNotPresent" 
      name: "docker" 
      tty: true 
      volumeMounts: 
        - mountPath: "/etc/localtime" 
          name: "localtime" 
          readOnly: false 
        - mountPath: "/var/run/docker.sock" 
          name: "dockersock" 
          readOnly: false 
  restartPolicy: "Never" 
  nodeSelector: 
    build: "true" 
  securityContext: {} 
  volumes: 
    - hostPath: 
        path: "/var/run/docker.sock" 
      name: "dockersock" 
    - hostPath: 
        path: "/usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai" 
      name: "localtime" 
    - name: "cachedir" 
      hostPath: 
        path: "/opt/m2" 
''' 
        }  
    } 
    stages { 
      stage('Pulling Code') { 
        parallel { 
          stage('Pulling Code by Jenkins') { 
            when { 
              expression { 
                env.gitlabBranch == null 
                } 
 
            } 
            steps { 
              git(changelog: true, poll: true, url: 'git@192.168.0.111:root/spring-boot-project.git', branch: "${BRANCH}", credentialsId: 'gitlab key') 
              script { 
                COMMIT_ID = sh(returnStdout: true, script: "git log -n 1 --pretty=format:'%h'").trim() 
                TAG = BUILD_TAG + '-' + COMMIT_ID 
                println "Current branch is ${BRANCH}, Commit ID is ${COMMIT_ID}, Image TAG is ${TAG}" 
                             
              } 
 
            } 
          } 
 
          stage('Pulling Code by trigger') { 
            when { 
              expression { 
                env.gitlabBranch != null 
              } 
 
            } 
            steps { 
              git(url: 'git@192.168.0.111:root/spring-boot-project.git', branch: env.gitlabBranch, changelog: true,poll: true, credentialsId: 'gitlab key') 
              script { 
                COMMIT_ID = sh(returnStdout: true, script: "git log -n 1 --pretty=format:'%h'").trim() 
                TAG = BUILD_TAG + '-' + COMMIT_ID 
                println "Current branch is ${env.gitlabBranch}, Commit ID is ${COMMIT_ID}, Image TAG is ${TAG}" 
              } 

            } 
          } 
 
        } 
      } 
 
      stage('Building') { 
        steps { 
          container(name: 'build') { 
            sh """   
            mvn clean install -DskipTests 
            ls target/* 
            """ 
          } 
        } 
      } 
 
      stage('Docker build for creating image') { 
        environment { 
          HARBOR_USER = credentials('HARBOR_ACCOUNT') 
      } 
        steps { 
          container(name: 'docker') { 
            sh """ 
            echo ${HARBOR_USER_USR} ${HARBOR_USER_PSW} ${TAG} 
            docker build -t ${HARBOR_ADDRESS}/${REGISTRY_DIR}/${IMAGE_NAME}:${TAG} . 
            docker login -u ${HARBOR_USER_USR} -p ${HARBOR_USER_PSW} ${HARBOR_ADDRESS} 
            docker push ${HARBOR_ADDRESS}/${REGISTRY_DIR}/${IMAGE_NAME}:${TAG} 
            """ 
          } 
        } 
      } 
 
      stage('Deploying to K8s') { 
        environment { 
          MY_KUBECONFIG = credentials('study-kubernetes') 
      } 
        steps { 
          container(name: 'kubectl'){ 
            sh """ 
            /usr/local/bin/kubectl --kubeconfig $MY_KUBECONFIG set image deploy -l app=${IMAGE_NAME} ${IMAGE_NAME}=${HARBOR_ADDRESS}/${REGISTRY_DIR}/${IMAGE_NAME}:${TAG} -n $NAMESPACE 
            """ 
          } 
        } 
      } 
 
  } 
  environment { 
    COMMIT_ID = "" 
    HARBOR_ADDRESS = "192.168.0.110" 
    REGISTRY_DIR = "kubernetes" 
    IMAGE_NAME = "spring-boot-project" 
    NAMESPACE = "kubernetes" 
    TAG = "" 
  } 
  parameters { 
    gitParameter(branch:  '',  branchFilter:  'origin/(.*)',  defaultValue:  '',  description:  'Branch  for  build  and deploy', name: 'BRANCH', quickFilterEnabled: false, selectedValue: 'NONE', sortMode: 'NONE', tagFilter: '*',type: 'PT_BRANCH') 
  } 
}

3.jenkinsfile详解

(1).顶层agent

首先是顶层的Agent，定义的是Kubernetes 的Pod 作为Jenkins 的Slave：

agent { 
 # 定义使用Kubernetes 作为agent 
    kubernetes { 
 # 选择的云为之前配置的名字 
      cloud 'kubernetes-study' 
      slaveConnectTimeout 1200 
 # 将workspace 改成hostPath，因为该Slave 会固定节点创建，如果有存储可用，可以
改成PVC 的模式 
      workspaceVolume hostPathWorkspaceVolume(hostPath: "/opt/workspace", 
readOnly: false) 
      yaml ''' 
apiVersion: v1 
kind: Pod 
spec: 
  containers: 
 # jnlp 容器，和Jenkins 主节点通信 
    - args: [\'$(JENKINS_SECRET)\', \'$(JENKINS_NAME)\'] 
      image: 'registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/citools/jnlp:alpine' 
      name: jnlp 
      imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent 
      volumeMounts: 
        - mountPath: "/etc/localtime" 
          name: "localtime" 
 
 
          readOnly: false   
 # build 容器，包含执行构建的命令，比如Java 的需要mvn 构建，就可以用一个maven 的
镜像    
    - command: 
        - "cat" 
      env: 
        - name: "LANGUAGE" 
          value: "en_US:en" 
        - name: "LC_ALL" 
          value: "en_US.UTF-8" 
        - name: "LANG" 
          value: "en_US.UTF-8" 
 # 使用Maven 镜像，包含mvn 工具。NodeJS 可以用node 的镜像 
      image: "registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/citools/maven:3.5.3" 
      imagePullPolicy: "IfNotPresent" 
 # 容器的名字，流水线的stage 可以直接使用该名字 
      name: "build" 
      tty: true 
      volumeMounts: 
        - mountPath: "/etc/localtime" 
          name: "localtime" 
  # Pod 单独创建了一个缓存的volume，将其挂载到了maven 插件的缓存目录，默认是
/root/.m2 
        - mountPath: "/root/.m2/" 
          name: "cachedir" 
          readOnly: false 
 # 发版容器，因为最终是发版至Kubernetes 的，所以需要有一个kubectl 命令 
    - command: 
        - "cat" 
      env: 
        - name: "LANGUAGE" 
          value: "en_US:en" 
        - name: "LC_ALL" 
          value: "en_US.UTF-8" 
        - name: "LANG" 
          value: "en_US.UTF-8" 
 # 镜像的版本可以替换为其它的版本，也可以不进行替换，因为只执行set 命令，所以版本
是兼容的 
      image: "registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/citools/kubectl:self-1.17" 
      imagePullPolicy: "IfNotPresent" 
      name: "kubectl" 
      tty: true 
      volumeMounts: 
        - mountPath: "/etc/localtime" 
          name: "localtime" 
          readOnly: false 
 # 用于生成镜像的容器，需要包含docker 命令 
    - command: 
        - "cat" 
      env: 
        - name: "LANGUAGE" 
          value: "en_US:en" 
        - name: "LC_ALL" 
          value: "en_US.UTF-8" 
        - name: "LANG" 
          value: "en_US.UTF-8" 
      image: "registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/citools/docker:19.03.9-
git" 
      imagePullPolicy: "IfNotPresent" 
      name: "docker" 
      tty: true 
      volumeMounts: 
 
 
        - mountPath: "/etc/localtime" 
          name: "localtime" 
          readOnly: false 
  # 由于容器没有启动docker 服务，所以将宿主机的docker 经常挂载至容器即可 
        - mountPath: "/var/run/docker.sock" 
          name: "dockersock" 
          readOnly: false 
  restartPolicy: "Never" 
# 固定节点部署 
  nodeSelector: 
    build: "true" 
  securityContext: {} 
  volumes: 
 # Docker socket volume 
    - hostPath: 
        path: "/var/run/docker.sock" 
      name: "dockersock" 
    - hostPath: 
        path: "/usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai" 
      name: "localtime" 
 # 缓存目录 
    - name: "cachedir" 
      hostPath: 
        path: "/opt/m2" 
''' 
    } 
 之后看一下Jenkinsfile 最后的环境变量和parameters 的配置： 
# 定义一些全局的环境变量 
environment { 
    COMMIT_ID = "" 
    HARBOR_ADDRESS = "CHANGE_HERE_FOR_YOUR_HARBOR_URL" # Harbor 地址 
    REGISTRY_DIR = "kubernetes" # Harbor 的项目目录 
    IMAGE_NAME = "spring-boot-project" # 镜像的名称 
    NAMESPACE = "kubernetes" # 该应用在Kubernetes 中的命名空间 
    TAG = "" # 镜像的Tag，在此用BUILD_TAG+COMMIT_ID 组成 
  } 
  parameters { 
 # 之前讲过一些choice、input 类型的参数，本次使用的是GitParameter 插件 
 # 该字段会在Jenkins 页面生成一个选择分支的选项 
    gitParameter(branch: '', branchFilter: 'origin/(.*)', defaultValue: 
'', description: 'Branch for build and deploy', name: 'BRANCH', 
quickFilterEnabled: false, selectedValue: 'NONE', sortMode: 'NONE', 
tagFilter: '*', type: 'PT_BRANCH') 
  }
(2).拉取代码判断

接下来是拉代码的 stage，这个 stage 是一个并行的 stage，因为考虑了该流水线是手动触
发还是触发：

stage('Pulling Code') { 
      parallel { 
        stage('Pulling Code by Jenkins') { 
          when { 
            expression { 
   # 假如env.gitlabBranch 为空，则该流水线为手动触发，那么就会执行该
stage，如果不为空则会执行同级的另外一个stage 
              env.gitlabBranch == null 
            } 
 
          } 
          steps { 
     # 这里使用的是git 插件拉取代码，BRANCH 变量取自于前面介绍的parameters
配置 
 
 
     # git@xxxxxx:root/spring-boot-project.git 代码地址 
     # credentialsId: 'gitlab-key'，之前创建的拉取代码的key 
            git(changelog: true, poll: true, url: 'git@xxxxxx:root/spring-
boot-project.git', branch: "${BRANCH}", credentialsId: 'gitlab-key') 
            script { 
   # 定义一些变量用于生成镜像的Tag 
   # 获取最近一次提交的Commit ID 
              COMMIT_ID = sh(returnStdout: true, script: "git log -n 1 --
pretty=format:'%h'").trim() 
   # 赋值给TAG 变量，后面的docker build 可以取到该TAG 的值 
              TAG = BUILD_TAG + '-' + COMMIT_ID 
              println "Current branch is ${BRANCH}, Commit ID is 
${COMMIT_ID}, Image TAG is ${TAG}" 
               
            } 
 
          } 
        } 
        stage('Pulling Code by trigger') { 
          when { 
            expression { 
   # 如果env.gitlabBranch 不为空，说明该流水线是通过webhook 触发，则此
时执行该stage，上述的stage 不再执行。此时BRANCH 变量为空 
              env.gitlabBranch != null 
            } 
 
          } 
          steps { 
     # 以下配置和上述一致，只是此时branch: env.gitlabBranch 取的值为
env.gitlabBranch 
            git(url: 'git@xxxxxxxxxxx:root/spring-boot-project.git', 
branch: env.gitlabBranch, changelog: true, poll: true, credentialsId: 
'gitlab-key') 
            script { 
              COMMIT_ID = sh(returnStdout: true, script: "git log -n 1 --
pretty=format:'%h'").trim() 
              TAG = BUILD_TAG + '-' + COMMIT_ID 
              println "Current branch is ${env.gitlabBranch}, Commit ID is 
${COMMIT_ID}, Image TAG is ${TAG}" 
            } 
 
          } 
        } 
 
      } 
    }
(3).编译代码

代码拉下来后，就可以执行构建命令，由于本次实验是Java 示例，所以需要使用mvn 命令进行构建：

stage('Building') { 
      steps { 
    # 使用Pod 模板里面的build 容器进行构建 
        container(name: 'build') { 
            sh """  
   # 编译命令， 需要根据自己项目的实际情况进行修改，可能会不一致 
              mvn clean install -DskipTests 
   # 构建完成后，一般情况下会在target 目录下生成jar 包 
              ls target/* 
            """ 
        } 
      } 
    }
(4).生成镜像并推送到镜像仓库

生成编译产物后，需要根据该产物生成对应的镜像，此时可以使用Pod 模板的docker 容器：

stage('Docker build for creating image') { 
   # 首先取出来HARBOR 的账号密码  
environment { 
        HARBOR_USER     = credentials('HARBOR_ACCOUNT') 
    } 
      steps { 
        # 指定使用docker 容器 
        container(name: 'docker') { 
          sh """ 
          # 执行build 命令，Dockerfile 会在下一小节创建，也是放在代码仓库，和
Jenkinsfile 同级 
          docker build -t 
${HARBOR_ADDRESS}/${REGISTRY_DIR}/${IMAGE_NAME}:${TAG} . 
  # 登录Harbor，HARBOR_USER_USR 和HARBOR_USER_PSW 由上述environment 生
成 
          docker login -u ${HARBOR_USER_USR} -p ${HARBOR_USER_PSW} 
${HARBOR_ADDRESS} 
  # 将镜像推送至镜像仓库 
          docker push 
${HARBOR_ADDRESS}/${REGISTRY_DIR}/${IMAGE_NAME}:${TAG} 
          """ 
        } 
      } 
    }
(5).发版到kubernets集群

最后一步就是将该镜像发版至Kubernetes 集群中，此时使用的是包含kubectl 命令的容器：

stage('Deploying to K8s') { 
   # 获取连接Kubernetes 集群证书   
environment { 
        MY_KUBECONFIG = credentials('study-k8s-kubeconfig') 
    } 
      steps { 
    # 指定使用kubectl 容器 
        container(name: 'kubectl'){ 
           sh """ 
    # 直接set 更改Deployment 的镜像即可 
           /usr/local/bin/kubectl --kubeconfig $MY_KUBECONFIG set image 
deploy -l app=${IMAGE_NAME} 
${IMAGE_NAME}=${HARBOR_ADDRESS}/${REGISTRY_DIR}/${IMAGE_NAME}:${TAG} -n 
$NAMESPACE 
           """ 
        } 
      } 
    } 
  }

注意事项：
本次发版的命令为/usr/local/bin/kubectl  --kubeconfig  $MY_KUBECONFIG  set  image deploy  -l  app=${IMAGE_NAME} ${IMAGE_NAME}=${HARBOR_ADDRESS}/${REGISTRY_DIR}/${IMAGE_NAME}:${TAG} -n $NAMESPACE。
由于本示例的Deployment 名称、Label、容器名称均和项目名称一致，所以就统一了IMAGE_NAME，如果示例不是按照此规范命名，需要进行更改。

4.定义Dockerfile

在执行流水线过程时，需要将代码的编译产物做成镜像。Dockerfile 主要写的是如何生成公司业务的镜像。而本次示例是Java 项目，只需要把Jar 包放在有Jre 环境的镜像中，然后启动该Jar 包即可：
gitlab→选择项目→新建文件：Dockerfile

#  基础镜像可以按需修改，可以更改为公司自有镜像 
FROM registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/dotbalo/jre:8u211-data 
# jar包名称改成实际的名称，本示例为spring-cloud-eureka-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar 
COPY target/spring-cloud-eureka-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar ./ 
# 启动Jar包 
CMD java -jar spring-cloud-eureka-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar

5.定义Kubernetes资源

本示例在 GitLab 创建的 Group 为 kubernetes，可以将其认为是一个项目，同一个项目可以部署至Kubernetes 集群中同一个Namespace 中，本示例为kubernetes 命名空间。由于使用的是私有仓库，因此也需要先配置拉取私有仓库镜像的密钥：

# kubectl create ns kubernetes 
namespace/kubernetes created 
# kubectl create secret docker-registry harborkey --docker-server=192.168.0.110 --docker-username=admin --docker-password=admin123 --docker-email=mail@kubeasy.com -n kubernetes 
secret/harborkey created

配置该应用的Deployment:

--- 
apiVersion: v1 
kind: Service 
metadata: 
  creationTimestamp: null 
  labels: 
    app: spring-boot-project   
  name: spring-boot-project    
  namespace: kubernetes 
spec: 
  ports:    # 端口按照实际情况进行修改 
  - name: web 
    port: 8761 
    protocol: TCP 
    targetPort: 8761 
  selector: 
    app: spring-boot-project  
  sessionAffinity: None 
  type: ClusterIP 
status: 
  loadBalancer: {} 
--- 
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1 
kind: Ingress 
metadata: 
  creationTimestamp: null 
  name: spring-boot-project
  namespace: kubernetes 
spec: 
  rules: 
  - host: spring-boot-project.test.com   #设置对外访问域名，根据实际需求更改
    http: 
      paths: 
      - backend: 
          service: 
            name: spring-boot-project
            port:  
              number: 8761 
        path: / 
        pathType: ImplementationSpecific 
status: 
  loadBalancer: {} 
--- 
apiVersion: apps/v1 
kind: Deployment 
metadata: 
  creationTimestamp: null 
  labels: 
    app: spring-boot-project   # Deployment 标签，和流水线的set -l 一致
  name: spring-boot-project    # Deployment 名称
  namespace: kubernetes 
spec: 
  replicas: 1 
  selector: 
    matchLabels: 
      app: spring-boot-project    # Pod 的标签
  strategy: 
    rollingUpdate: 
      maxSurge: 1 
      maxUnavailable: 0 
    type: RollingUpdate 
  template: 
    metadata: 
      creationTimestamp: null 
      labels: 
        app: spring-boot-project   # Pod 的标签
    spec: 
      affinity: 
        podAntiAffinity: 
          preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution: 
          - podAffinityTerm: 
              labelSelector: 
                matchExpressions: 
                - key: app 
                  operator: In 
                  values: 
                  - spring-boot-project
              topologyKey: kubernetes.io/hostname 
            weight: 100 
      containers: 
      - env: 
        - name: TZ 
          value: Asia/Shanghai 
        - name: LANG 
          value: C.UTF-8 
        image: nginx   # 此处使用的nginx作为原始的镜像，通过Jenkins构建并发版后，变成Java应用的镜像
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent 
        lifecycle: {} 
        livenessProbe: 
          failureThreshold: 2 
          initialDelaySeconds: 30 
          periodSeconds: 10 
          successThreshold: 1 
          tcpSocket: 
            port: 8761             # 端口号和健康检查按照实际情况进行修改
          timeoutSeconds: 2 
        name: spring-boot-project  # 容器的名称，需要和流水线set 命令的容器名称一
        ports: 
        - containerPort: 8761     # 端口号按照实际情况进行修改 
          name: web 
          protocol: TCP 
        readinessProbe: 
          failureThreshold: 2 
          initialDelaySeconds: 30 
          periodSeconds: 10 
          successThreshold: 1 
          tcpSocket: 
            port: 8761    # 端口号和健康检查按照实际情况进行修改 
          timeoutSeconds: 2 
        resources:   # 资源请求按照实际情况修改
          limits: 
            cpu: 994m 
            memory: 1170Mi 
          requests:  
            cpu: 10m 
            memory: 55Mi 
      dnsPolicy: ClusterFirst 
      imagePullSecrets: 
      - name: harborkey    # Harbor仓库密钥，需要和上述创建的Secret 一致 
      restartPolicy: Always 
      securityContext: {} 
      serviceAccountName: default

创建该资源： 

# kubectl create -f spring-boot-project.yaml  
service/spring-boot-project created 
ingress.networking.k8s.io/spring-boot-project created 
deployment.apps/spring-boot-project created

6.创建jenkins job任务

单击首页的创建任务（Job）选项（或者是New Item）并配置任务信息：
新建任务→选择流水线：
在新页面，点击Pipeline，输入Git 仓库地址、选择之前配置GitLab Key、分支为master，点击Save 即可：


创建完成后，点击 Build Now（由于 Jenkins 参数由 Jenkinsfile 生成，所以第一次执行流水线会失败）：

选择分支，之后点击Build，然后点击Build History 的进度条即可看到构建日志：

构建日志上部分为创建Pod的日志，可以看到Pod为Agent指定的Pod：

可以看到BUILD SUCCESS 说明mvn 编译已经通过：

编译结束后，可以看到制作镜像的日志,并推送到仓库：

Finished：SUCCESS说明该流水线正常结束。接下来可以查看Deployment的镜像：

[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get deploy -n kubernetes spring-boot-project -oyaml | grep "image"
                f:imagePullPolicy: {}
            f:imagePullSecrets:
                f:image: {}
        image: 192.168.0.110/kubernetes/spring-boot-project:jenkins-spring-boot-project-7-039cf7e
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
      imagePullSecrets

如果配置了域名，可以通过域名访问（测试域名需要配置hosts）：

二.自动化构建Vue/H5前端应用

自动化构建 Vue/H5 应用，其构建方式和自动化构建 Java 基本相同，重点是更改Deployment、Jenkinsfile 和Dockerfile 即可。
前端应用测试项目地址：https://gitee.com/dukuan/vue-project.git

1.定义Jenkinsfile

和上述java项目类似，只需要改部分内容即可：gitlab项目地址、nodejs环境镜像、部分标签。

pipeline { 
  agent { 
    kubernetes { 
      cloud 'study-kubernetes'
      slaveConnectTimeout 1200
      workspaceVolume hostPathWorkspaceVolume(hostPath: "/opt/workspace", readOnly: false) 
      yaml ''' 
apiVersion: v1 
kind: Pod 
spec: 
  containers: 
    - args: [\'$(JENKINS_SECRET)\', \'$(JENKINS_NAME)\'] 
      image: 'registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/citools/jnlp:alpine' 
      name: jnlp 
      imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent 
      volumeMounts: 
        - mountPath: "/etc/localtime" 
          name: "localtime" 
          readOnly: false           
    - command: 
        - "cat" 
      env: 
        - name: "LANGUAGE" 
          value: "en_US:en" 
        - name: "LC_ALL" 
          value: "en_US.UTF-8" 
        - name: "LANG" 
          value: "en_US.UTF-8" 
      image: "registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/citools/node:lts"   # 构建容器改为具有NodeJS 环境的镜像，版本需要和公司项目一致 
      imagePullPolicy: "IfNotPresent" 
      name: "build" 
      tty: true 
      volumeMounts: 
        - mountPath: "/etc/localtime" 
          name: "localtime" 
        - mountPath: "/root/.m2/" # NodeJS 的缓存目录为node_modules，此处可以
不配置，因为workspace 采用的是hostPath，该目录会被缓存到创建Pod 节点的/opt/目录
          name: "cachedir" 
          readOnly: false 
    - command: 
        - "cat" 
      env: 
        - name: "LANGUAGE" 
          value: "en_US:en" 
        - name: "LC_ALL" 
          value: "en_US.UTF-8" 
        - name: "LANG" 
          value: "en_US.UTF-8" 
      image: "registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/citools/kubectl:self-1.17"   
      imagePullPolicy: "IfNotPresent" 
      name: "kubectl" 
      tty: true 
      volumeMounts: 
        - mountPath: "/etc/localtime" 
          name: "localtime" 
          readOnly: false 
    - command: 
        - "cat" 
      env: 
        - name: "LANGUAGE" 
          value: "en_US:en" 
        - name: "LC_ALL" 
          value: "en_US.UTF-8" 
        - name: "LANG" 
          value: "en_US.UTF-8" 
      image: "registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/citools/docker:19.03.9-git" 
      imagePullPolicy: "IfNotPresent" 
      name: "docker" 
      tty: true 
      volumeMounts: 
        - mountPath: "/etc/localtime" 
          name: "localtime" 
          readOnly: false 
        - mountPath: "/var/run/docker.sock" 
          name: "dockersock" 
          readOnly: false 
  restartPolicy: "Never" 
  nodeSelector: 
    build: "true" 
  securityContext: {} 
  volumes: 
    - hostPath: 
        path: "/var/run/docker.sock" 
      name: "dockersock" 
    - hostPath: 
        path: "/usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai" 
      name: "localtime" 
    - name: "cachedir" 
      hostPath: 
        path: "/opt/m2" 
''' 
        }  
    } 
    stages { 
      stage('Pulling Code') { 
        parallel { 
          stage('Pulling Code by Jenkins') { 
            when { 
              expression { 
                env.gitlabBranch == null 
                } 
 
            } 
            steps { 
              git(changelog: true, poll: true, url: 'git@192.168.0.111:root/vue-project.git', branch: "${BRANCH}", credentialsId: 'gitlab key')   # 此处的地址需要改为自己的Git 地址 
              script { 
                COMMIT_ID = sh(returnStdout: true, script: "git log -n 1 --pretty=format:'%h'").trim() 
                TAG = BUILD_TAG + '-' + COMMIT_ID 
                println "Current branch is ${BRANCH}, Commit ID is ${COMMIT_ID}, Image TAG is ${TAG}" 
                             
              } 
 
            } 
          } 
 
          stage('Pulling Code by trigger') { 
            when { 
              expression { 
                env.gitlabBranch != null 
              } 
 
            } 
            steps { 
              git(url: 'git@192.168.0.111:root/vue-project.git', branch: env.gitlabBranch, changelog: true,poll: true, credentialsId: 'gitlab key')  # 此处的地址需要改为自己的Git 地址 
              script { 
                COMMIT_ID = sh(returnStdout: true, script: "git log -n 1 --pretty=format:'%h'").trim() 
                TAG = BUILD_TAG + '-' + COMMIT_ID 
                println "Current branch is ${env.gitlabBranch}, Commit ID is ${COMMIT_ID}, Image TAG is ${TAG}" 
              } 

            } 
          } 
 
        } 
      } 
 
      stage('Building') { 
        steps { 
          container(name: 'build') { 
            sh """    # 此处为NodeJS/Vue 项目的构建命令，根据实际情况进行修改
            npm install --registry=https://registry.npm.taobao.org 
            npm run build
            """ 
          } 
        } 
      } 
 
      stage('Docker build for creating image') { 
        environment { 
          HARBOR_USER = credentials('HARBOR_ACCOUNT') 
      } 
        steps { 
          container(name: 'docker') { 
            sh """ 
            echo ${HARBOR_USER_USR} ${HARBOR_USER_PSW} ${TAG} 
            docker build -t ${HARBOR_ADDRESS}/${REGISTRY_DIR}/${IMAGE_NAME}:${TAG} . 
            docker login -u ${HARBOR_USER_USR} -p ${HARBOR_USER_PSW} ${HARBOR_ADDRESS} 
            docker push ${HARBOR_ADDRESS}/${REGISTRY_DIR}/${IMAGE_NAME}:${TAG} 
            """ 
          } 
        } 
      } 
 
      stage('Deploying to K8s') { 
        environment { 
          MY_KUBECONFIG = credentials('study-kubernetes') 
      } 
        steps { 
          container(name: 'kubectl'){ 
            sh """ 
            /usr/local/bin/kubectl --kubeconfig $MY_KUBECONFIG set image deploy -l app=${IMAGE_NAME} ${IMAGE_NAME}=${HARBOR_ADDRESS}/${REGISTRY_DIR}/${IMAGE_NAME}:${TAG} -n $NAMESPACE 
            """ 
          } 
        } 
      } 
 
  } 
  environment { 
    COMMIT_ID = "" 
    HARBOR_ADDRESS = "192.168.0.110" 
    REGISTRY_DIR = "kubernetes" 
    IMAGE_NAME = "vue-project" # 项目标签名字为vue-project 
    NAMESPACE = "kubernetes" 
    TAG = "" 
  } 
  parameters { 
    gitParameter(branch:  '',  branchFilter:  'origin/(.*)',  defaultValue:  '',  description:  'Branch  for  build  and deploy', name: 'BRANCH', quickFilterEnabled: false, selectedValue: 'NONE', sortMode: 'NONE', tagFilter: '*',type: 'PT_BRANCH') 
  } 
}

2.定义Dockerfile

FROM registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/dotbalo/nginx:1.15.12 
 
COPY dist/* /usr/share/nginx/html/

3.定义Kubernetes资源

对于Kubernetes 的资源也是类似的，只需要更改资源名称和端口号即可：

--- 
apiVersion: v1 
kind: Service 
metadata: 
  creationTimestamp: null 
  labels: 
    app: vue-project 
  name: vue-project 
  namespace: kubernetes 
spec: 
  ports: 
  - name: web 
    port: 80 
    protocol: TCP 
    targetPort: 80 
  selector: 
    app: vue-project 
  sessionAffinity: None 
  type: ClusterIP 
status: 
  loadBalancer: {} 
--- 
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1 
kind: Ingress 
metadata: 
  creationTimestamp: null 
  name: vue-project 
  namespace: kubernetes 
spec: 
  rules: 
  - host: vue-project.test.com 
    http: 
      paths: 
      - backend: 
          service: 
            name: vue-project 
            port:  
              number: 80 
        path: / 
        pathType: ImplementationSpecific 
--- 
apiVersion: apps/v1 
kind: Deployment 
metadata: 
  creationTimestamp: null 
  labels: 
    app: vue-project 
  name: vue-project 
  namespace: kubernetes 
spec: 
  replicas: 1 
  selector: 
    matchLabels: 
      app: vue-project 
  strategy: 
    rollingUpdate: 
      maxSurge: 1 
      maxUnavailable: 0 
    type: RollingUpdate 
  template: 
    metadata: 
      creationTimestamp: null 
      labels: 
        app: vue-project 
    spec: 
      affinity: 
        podAntiAffinity: 
          preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution: 
          - podAffinityTerm: 
              labelSelector: 
                matchExpressions: 
                - key: app 
                  operator: In 
                  values: 
                  - vue-project 
              topologyKey: kubernetes.io/hostname 
            weight: 100 
      containers: 
      - env: 
        - name: TZ 
          value: Asia/Shanghai 
        - name: LANG 
          value: C.UTF-8 
        image: nginx 
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent 
        lifecycle: {} 
        livenessProbe: 
          failureThreshold: 2 
          initialDelaySeconds: 30 
          periodSeconds: 10 
          successThreshold: 1 
          tcpSocket: 
            port: 80 
          timeoutSeconds: 2 
        name: vue-project 
        ports: 
        - containerPort: 80 
          name: web 
          protocol: TCP 
        readinessProbe: 
          failureThreshold: 2 
          initialDelaySeconds: 30 
          periodSeconds: 10 
          successThreshold: 1 
          tcpSocket: 
            port: 80 
          timeoutSeconds: 2 
        resources: 
          limits: 
            cpu: 994m 
            memory: 1170Mi 
          requests: 
            cpu: 10m 
            memory: 55Mi 
      dnsPolicy: ClusterFirst 
      imagePullSecrets: 
      - name: harborkey 
      restartPolicy: Always 
      securityContext: {} 
      serviceAccountName: default

创建该资源：

# kubectl create -f vue-project.yaml  
service/vue-project created 
ingress.networking.k8s.io/vue-project created 
deployment.apps/vue-project created

4.创建Jenkins Job

创建Jenkins Job 和之前并无太大区别。首先创建Pipeline 类型的Job，名称为vue-project：

三.自动化构建Golang项目

上述演示了Java 和前端应用的自动化，接下来演示一下对于Golang 的自动化构建，本次示例的代码地址：https://gitee.com/dukuan/go-project.git。

1.定义Jenkinsfile

本次示例的Jenkinsfile 和之前的也无太大区别，需要的更改的位置是构建容器的镜像、缓存目录、Git 地址和项目名称

pipeline { 
  agent { 
    kubernetes { 
      cloud 'study-kubernetes'
      slaveConnectTimeout 1200
      workspaceVolume hostPathWorkspaceVolume(hostPath: "/opt/workspace", readOnly: false) 
      yaml ''' 
apiVersion: v1 
kind: Pod 
spec: 
  containers: 
    - args: [\'$(JENKINS_SECRET)\', \'$(JENKINS_NAME)\'] 
      image: 'registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/citools/jnlp:alpine' 
      name: jnlp 
      imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent 
      volumeMounts: 
        - mountPath: "/etc/localtime" 
          name: "localtime" 
          readOnly: false           
    - command: 
        - "cat" 
      env: 
        - name: "LANGUAGE" 
          value: "en_US:en" 
        - name: "LC_ALL" 
          value: "en_US.UTF-8" 
        - name: "LANG" 
          value: "en_US.UTF-8" 
      image: "registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/citools/golang:1.15"   # 构建镜像改为golang，需要根据实际情况更改版本
      imagePullPolicy: "IfNotPresent" 
      name: "build" 
      tty: true 
      volumeMounts: 
        - mountPath: "/etc/localtime" 
          name: "localtime" 
        - mountPath: "/go/pkg"  #增加挂载缓存目录
          name: "cachedir" 
          readOnly: false
    - command: 
        - "cat" 
      env: 
        - name: "LANGUAGE" 
          value: "en_US:en" 
        - name: "LC_ALL" 
          value: "en_US.UTF-8" 
        - name: "LANG" 
          value: "en_US.UTF-8" 
      image: "registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/citools/kubectl:self-1.17" 
      imagePullPolicy: "IfNotPresent" 
      name: "kubectl" 
      tty: true 
      volumeMounts: 
        - mountPath: "/etc/localtime" 
          name: "localtime" 
          readOnly: false     
    - command: 
        - "cat" 
      env: 
        - name: "LANGUAGE" 
          value: "en_US:en" 
        - name: "LC_ALL" 
          value: "en_US.UTF-8" 
        - name: "LANG" 
          value: "en_US.UTF-8" 
      image: "registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/citools/docker:19.03.9-git" 
      imagePullPolicy: "IfNotPresent" 
      name: "docker" 
      tty: true 
      volumeMounts: 
        - mountPath: "/etc/localtime" 
          name: "localtime" 
          readOnly: false 
        - mountPath: "/var/run/docker.sock" 
          name: "dockersock" 
          readOnly: false 
  restartPolicy: "Never" 
  nodeSelector: 
    build: "true" 
  securityContext: {} 
  volumes: 
    - hostPath: 
        path: "/var/run/docker.sock" 
      name: "dockersock" 
    - hostPath: 
        path: "/usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai" 
      name: "localtime" 
    - name: "cachedir"   # 缓存目录保存的位置
      hostPath: 
        path: "/opt/gopkg" 
''' 
        }  
    } 
    stages { 
      stage('Pulling Code') { 
        parallel { 
          stage('Pulling Code by Jenkins') { 
            when { 
              expression { 
                env.gitlabBranch == null 
                } 
 
            } 
            steps { 
              git(changelog: true, poll: true, url: 'git@192.168.0.111:root/go-project.git', branch: "${BRANCH}", credentialsId: 'gitlab key') 
              script { 
                COMMIT_ID = sh(returnStdout: true, script: "git log -n 1 --pretty=format:'%h'").trim() 
                TAG = BUILD_TAG + '-' + COMMIT_ID 
                println "Current branch is ${BRANCH}, Commit ID is ${COMMIT_ID}, Image TAG is ${TAG}" 
              } 
 
            } 
          } 
 
          stage('Pulling Code by trigger') { 
            when { 
              expression { 
                env.gitlabBranch != null 
              } 
 
            } 
            steps { 
              git(url: 'git@192.168.0.111:root/go-project.git', branch: env.gitlabBranch, changelog: true,poll: true, credentialsId: 'gitlab key') 
              script { 
                COMMIT_ID = sh(returnStdout: true, script: "git log -n 1 --pretty=format:'%h'").trim() 
                TAG = BUILD_TAG + '-' + COMMIT_ID 
                println "Current branch is ${env.gitlabBranch}, Commit ID is ${COMMIT_ID}, Image TAG is ${TAG}" 
              } 

            } 
          } 
 
        } 
      } 
 
      stage('Building') { 
        steps { 
          container(name: 'build') { 
            sh """     # 构建命令
              export GO111MODULE=on 
              go env -w GOPROXY=https://goproxy.cn,direct 
              go build
            """ 
          } 
        } 
      } 
 
      stage('Docker build for creating image') { 
        environment { 
          HARBOR_USER = credentials('HARBOR_ACCOUNT') 
      } 
        steps { 
          container(name: 'docker') { 
            sh """ 
            echo ${HARBOR_USER_USR} ${HARBOR_USER_PSW} ${TAG} 
            docker build -t ${HARBOR_ADDRESS}/${REGISTRY_DIR}/${IMAGE_NAME}:${TAG} . 
            docker login -u ${HARBOR_USER_USR} -p ${HARBOR_USER_PSW} ${HARBOR_ADDRESS} 
            docker push ${HARBOR_ADDRESS}/${REGISTRY_DIR}/${IMAGE_NAME}:${TAG} 
            """ 
          } 
        } 
      } 
 
      stage('Deploying to K8s') { 
        environment { 
          MY_KUBECONFIG = credentials('study-kubernetes') 
      } 
        steps { 
          container(name: 'kubectl'){ 
            sh """ 
            /usr/local/bin/kubectl --kubeconfig $MY_KUBECONFIG set image deploy -l app=${IMAGE_NAME} ${IMAGE_NAME}=${HARBOR_ADDRESS}/${REGISTRY_DIR}/${IMAGE_NAME}:${TAG} -n $NAMESPACE 
            """ 
          } 
        } 
      } 
 
  } 
  environment { 
    COMMIT_ID = "" 
    HARBOR_ADDRESS = "192.168.0.110" 
    REGISTRY_DIR = "kubernetes" 
    IMAGE_NAME = "go-project" 
    NAMESPACE = "kubernetes" 
    TAG = "" 
  } 
  parameters { 
    gitParameter(branch:  '',  branchFilter:  'origin/(.*)',  defaultValue:  '',  description:  'Branch  for  build  and deploy', name: 'BRANCH', quickFilterEnabled: false, selectedValue: 'NONE', sortMode: 'NONE', tagFilter: '*',type: 'PT_BRANCH') 
  } 
}

2.定义Dockerfile

FROM registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/dotbalo/alpine-glibc:alpine-3.9 
 # 如果定义了单独的配置文件，可能需要拷贝到镜像中 
COPY conf/  ./conf 
 # 包名按照实际情况进行修改 
COPY ./go-project ./ 
 
ENTRYPOINT [ "./go-project"] # 启动该应用

3.定义Kubernetes资源

--- 
apiVersion: v1 
kind: Service 
metadata: 
  creationTimestamp: null 
  labels: 
    app: go-project 
  name: go-project 
  namespace: kubernetes 
spec: 
  ports: 
  - name: web 
    port: 8080 
    protocol: TCP 
    targetPort: 8080 
  selector: 
    app: go-project 
  sessionAffinity: None 
  type: ClusterIP 
status: 
  loadBalancer: {} 
--- 
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1 
kind: Ingress 
metadata: 
  creationTimestamp: null 
  name: go-project 
  namespace: kubernetes 
spec: 
  rules: 
  - host: go-project.test.com 
    http: 
      paths: 
      - backend: 
          service: 
            name: go-project 
            port:  
              number: 8080 
        path: / 
        pathType: ImplementationSpecific 
--- 
apiVersion: apps/v1 
kind: Deployment 
metadata: 
  creationTimestamp: null 
  labels: 
    app: go-project 
  name: go-project 
  namespace: kubernetes 
spec: 
  replicas: 1 
  selector: 
    matchLabels: 
      app: go-project 
  strategy: 
    rollingUpdate: 
      maxSurge: 1 
      maxUnavailable: 0 
    type: RollingUpdate 
  template: 
    metadata: 
      creationTimestamp: null 
      labels: 
        app: go-project 
    spec: 
      affinity: 
        podAntiAffinity: 
          preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution: 
          - podAffinityTerm: 
              labelSelector: 
                matchExpressions: 
                - key: app 
                  operator: In 
                  values: 
                  - go-project 
              topologyKey: kubernetes.io/hostname 
            weight: 100 
      containers: 
      - env: 
        - name: TZ 
          value: Asia/Shanghai 
        - name: LANG 
          value: C.UTF-8 
        image: nginx 
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent 
        lifecycle: {} 
        livenessProbe: 
          failureThreshold: 2 
          initialDelaySeconds: 30 
          periodSeconds: 10 
          successThreshold: 1 
          tcpSocket: 
            port: 8080 
          timeoutSeconds: 2 
        name: go-project 
        ports: 
        - containerPort: 8080 
          name: web 
          protocol: TCP 
        readinessProbe: 
          failureThreshold: 2 
          initialDelaySeconds: 30 
          periodSeconds: 10 
          successThreshold: 1 
          tcpSocket: 
            port: 8080 
          timeoutSeconds: 2 
        resources: 
          limits: 
            cpu: 994m 
            memory: 1170Mi 
          requests: 
            cpu: 10m 
            memory: 55Mi 
      dnsPolicy: ClusterFirst 
      imagePullSecrets: 
      - name: harborkey 
      restartPolicy: Always 
      securityContext: {} 
      serviceAccountName: default

4.创建Jenkins Job

直接创建即可： 

# kubectl create -f go-project.yaml  
service/go-project created 
ingress.networking.k8s.io/go-project created 
deployment.apps/go-project created

构建省略：

四.自动触发构建

之前的构建都是采用手动选择分支进行构建的，实际使用时，项目可能有很多，如果都是手动触发可能比较消耗人力。所以推荐可以按需配置自动触发，即提交代码后自动触发Jenkins 进行构建任务。
本次用Java 项目进行演示。首先找到Java 项目的Job，点击Configure：
之后选择构建触发器（Build Triggers），勾选Build when a change…，记录webhook URL：


之后点击高级（Advanced）：

选择Allow all branches，如果不想任何分支都可以触发该流水线，可以选择Filter 进行条件匹配。之后点击Generate 生成Secret token，最后点击Save 即可。
接下来配置GitLab，首先点击Menu→Admin，选择Settings→Network，之后允许访问外部的请求：

保存后，找到Java 项目，点击Settings→WebHooks，在新页面输入Webhook 地址和token：

之后下方会添加一个新的Project Hooks，可以点击Test 进行Push 测试：

点击后，即可在Jenkins 页面看到任务被触发：

五.UAT和生产环境发版

UAT和生产环境最好跟测试环境分开，使用测试构建好的镜像经行发版：
1.如果生产环境用同样构建方式，那么生产构建的新镜像有可能和上次的不一样，新镜像没有经过测试。
2.使用测试环境测试过的镜像可以省去编译构建的时间。
流程简略：
创建一个新的Job，名字为go-project-uat，类型Pipeline：点击页面的This Project is parameterized（参数化构建）：
选择参数类型为Image Tag Parameter（需要安装Image Tag 插件），之后定义Name 为变量的名称，Iamge Name 为Harbor 的目录和镜像名称：


点击Advance，输入仓库的地址，注意如果配置了证书，需要配置https：

之后可以先点击Save，然后测试能否获取到进行Tag。保存后点击Build with Parameters

之后可以直接添加Pipeline脚本，也可以在gitlab中用jenkinsfile来创建：

完整代码：

pipeline { 
  agent { 
    kubernetes { 
      cloud 'study-kubernetes' 
      slaveConnectTimeout 1200 
      yaml ''' 
apiVersion: v1 
kind: Pod 
spec: 
  containers: 
    - args: [\'$(JENKINS_SECRET)\', \'$(JENKINS_NAME)\'] 
      image: 'registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/citools/jnlp:alpine' 
      name: jnlp 
      imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent 
    - command: 
        - "cat" 
      env: 
        - name: "LANGUAGE" 
          value: "en_US:en" 
        - name: "LC_ALL" 
          value: "en_US.UTF-8" 
        - name: "LANG" 
          value: "en_US.UTF-8" 
      image: "registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/citools/kubectl:self-1.17" 
      imagePullPolicy: "IfNotPresent" 
      name: "kubectl" 
      tty: true 
  restartPolicy: "Never" 
''' 
    }  
} 
 
  stages { 
    stage('Deploy') { 
      environment { 
        MY_KUBECONFIG = credentials('study-kubernetes') 
      } 
      steps { 
      container(name: 'kubectl'){ 
        sh """ 
           echo ${IMAGE_TAG} 
           kubectl --kubeconfig=${MY_KUBECONFIG} set image deployment -l app=${IMAGE_NAME} ${IMAGE_NAME}=${HARBOR_ADDRESS}/${IMAGE_TAG} -n ${NAMESPACE} 
           kubectl --kubeconfig=${MY_KUBECONFIG} get po  -l app=${IMAGE_NAME} -n ${NAMESPACE} -w 
         """ 
         } 
       }   
      } 
   } 
   environment { 
     HARBOR_ADDRESS = "HARBOR_ADDRESS" 
     NAMESPACE = "kubernetes" 
     IMAGE_NAME = "spring-boot-project" 
     TAG = "" 
  } 
}

保存后，选择一个镜像，点击Build,即可看到是直接将镜像版本更新至Kubernetes，并无构建过程，可以省下很多时间。该流水
线也可以选择之前的版本进行回滚操作。


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